Real estate glossary
Seller disclosures
Also called: Transfer Disclosure Statement, TDS, Seller Property Questionnaire, SPQ
The forms where a seller tells the buyer what they know about the home's condition and history, such as leaks, repairs or known defects.
Sellers are required to tell buyers about known issues that could affect the home's value or desirability. In California the Transfer Disclosure Statement (TDS) is required by state law for most home sales, and sellers commonly also complete the Seller Property Questionnaire (SPQ), a standard industry form, along with other required statements.
Disclosures are about what you know — past leaks, repairs, permits, neighborhood issues, lawsuits and so on. You are not expected to inspect your own home like a professional, but you should not leave out things you are aware of.
Buyers typically get time after receiving disclosures to review them. In California, if the TDS is delivered after the buyer has signed, the buyer can generally cancel within 3 days of delivery in person (5 days if it was mailed).
What it means for you as a seller
When in doubt, disclose. Clear, complete disclosures delivered early reduce renegotiation and are your best protection from disputes after closing.
Related terms
- Natural Hazard Disclosure (NHD)A California disclosure that tells the buyer whether the property is in certain officially mapped hazard zones, like flood or fire zones.
- As-is saleA sale where the home is sold in its current condition and the seller does not promise to make repairs — but still has to disclose what they know.
- Inspection contingencyThe buyer's right to inspect the home within a set period and cancel or ask for repairs if they are not satisfied with what they find.
Not legal or tax advice. These explanations are general information to help you follow your own transaction. Laws, forms and customs vary by state and county, and the terms of your own contract always control. For advice about your situation, talk to your real estate agent, a real estate attorney or a tax professional. Last updated .